Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41075187›Full record

ArticleACS nano2025

2240 nm NIR-IV Photodynamic Therapy Can Reverse Ineffective Anti-OX40 Cancer Immunotherapy to Become Effective.

Munusamy Shanmugam, Chi-Shiun Chiang, Kuo Chu Hwang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Munusamy ShanmugamDepartment of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan R.O.C.
Chi-Shiun ChiangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan R.O.C.
Kuo Chu HwangDepartment of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan R.O.C.ORCID 0000-0003-1814-9869

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies was granted the Nobel Prize in 2018. However, ICI immunotherapies were later found working poorly for the large majority (70-80%) of cancer patients. It is an urgent need to develop a strategy to conquer this grand challenge and reverse otherwise ineffective immunotherapies to become effective. Herein, we propose a "Blind T cells" model to well rationalize the course leading to the ineffectiveness of immunotherapies. We demonstrate an effective strategy to conquer the ineffectiveness of immunotherapies via producing a large amount of newly generated tumor-recognizing cytolytic CD8

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyPhotochemotherapyAnimalsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorFolic AcidHumansInfrared RaysMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNanoparticlesFolic Acidanti-OX40antitumor immunityimmunogenic cell deathsimmunotherapymelanoma carcinomaNIR-IV photodynamic therapy

Identifiers

PMID41075187
PMCPMC12548349

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.