Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41074859›Full record

ArticleMolecular pharmaceutics2025

Machine Learning-Guided Prediction of Formulation Performance in Inhalable Ciprofloxacin-Bile Acid Dispersions with Antimicrobial and Toxicity Evaluation.

Tareq Zeyad Bahjat, Twana Mohammed M Ways, Sadat Abdulla Aziz, Aram Ismael Ibrahim, Deon Danto, Veneece Ghattas, Goran Mohammed Raouf, Glyn Barrett, Dana Khdr Sabir, Pyman Mohamed Mohamedsalih and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular pharmaceutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tareq Zeyad BahjatSchool of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K.
Twana Mohammed M WaysDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region 46001, Iraq.
Sadat Abdulla AzizDepartment of Anaesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University-Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region 46001, Iraq.
Aram Ismael IbrahimDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region 46001, Iraq.
Deon DantoSchool of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K.
Veneece GhattasSchool of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K.
Goran Mohammed RaoufBasic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region 46001, Iraq.
Glyn BarrettSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K.ORCID 0000-0003-1509-0179
Dana Khdr SabirDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Kurdistan Region 46023, Iraq.
Pyman Mohamed MohamedsalihDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Kurdistan Region 46023, Iraq.
Hisham Al-ObaidiSchool of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K.ORCID 0000-0001-9735-0303

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin (CFX) is a potent antibiotic for respiratory infections, but its poor solubility and high crystallinity limit its effectiveness in dry powder inhaler (DPI) delivery. Although soluble forms such as CFX hydrochloride are available, their rapid dissolution may lead to systemic absorption, undermining localized lung targeting. To address this, we developed solid dispersions of CFX with primary bile acids, namely, cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDA), using spray drying and ball milling to enhance solubility in a controlled manner while maintaining deposition in the lungs. Differential scanning calorimetry showed glass-transition temperature (

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBile Acids and SaltsCiprofloxacinMachine LearningAdministration, InhalationAnimalsCalorimetry, Differential ScanningChemistry, PharmaceuticalChenodeoxycholic AcidCholic AcidDrug CompoundingDry Powder InhalersLungMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyAnti-Bacterial AgentsBile Acids and SaltsChenodeoxycholic AcidCholic AcidCiprofloxacinantimicrobial activitybile acidsciprofloxacindry powder inhaler (DPI)lung depositionmachine learningsolid dispersionsspray drying

Identifiers

PMID41074859
PMCPMC12587441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.