ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Epidemiology of human papillomavirus infection of the uterine cervix among women in Adama, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWorldwide, human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection affecting at least 50% of sexually active individuals at some point during their Life. The worldwide prevalence among women is 11.7%, and the highest prevalence is in sub-Saharan Africa (24%). Persistent HPV infection with high-risk genotypes is now a well-established cause of cervical cancer (CC) and it is demonstrated that they are present in 99.7% of CC cases worldwide. The main purpose of the study was to determine the epidemiology of HPV infection of the uterine cervix among women in Adama, Ethiopia.
methodA cross-sectional study was conducted among 383 women in Adama, Ethiopia, from March to June 2023. A systematic sampling technique was employed and data were collected using a pretested, structured questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi-info 7 and analysed using SPSS version 26. Binary logistic regression for bivariate and multivariate analyses with adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% CIs were used to identify factors associated with HPV infection. The level of significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05.
resultsThe overall prevalence of HPV infection was 26.6%, with high-risk (hr) HPV genotypes. HPV-16 and HPV-18 constituting 22.5% and 5.9%, respectively. "Other HR-HPV" genotypes accounted for 63.7%. Being divorced (AOR = 2.96: 95% CI: 1.18, 7.40), having post-coital bleeding (AOR = 7.97: 95% CI: 2.17, 29.24), having an early sexual debut (AOR = 3.59: 95% CI: 1.69, 7.65), having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 5.25: 95% CI: 1.73, 15.96), having sexually transmitted infections (AOR = 2.36: 95% CI: 1.32,4.20) and being HIV-positive (AOR = 12.37: 95% CI: 4.57, 33.48) were identified as independent factors significantly associated with HR-HPV infection.
conclusionThere was a greater prevalence of HPV infection in the study area than the worldwide prevalence 11.7%. "Other HR-HPV" genotypes were the major oncogenic HR-HPV genotypes identified. Multiple factors were identified as independent factors significantly associated with HR-HPV infection. Awareness creation campaigns and educational programmes about the prevention of HPV infection and associated risk factors need to be implemented in the community.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.