Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41073604›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2025

Efficacy and safety of combination immunotherapy for treating advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A multicenter retrospective study in Japan.

Koji Iinuma, Yuta Sano, Kohei Nishikawa, Tomoki Taniguchi, Aika Matsuyama, Kaori Ozawa, Takashi Ishida, Kosuke Tochigi, Masataka Tamura, Yasuaki Kubota and 3 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Koji IinumaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Yuta SanoDepartment of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Kohei NishikawaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.
Tomoki TaniguchiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Aika MatsuyamaDepartment of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
Kaori OzawaDepartment of Urology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan.
Takashi IshidaDepartment of Urology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
Kosuke TochigiDepartment of Urology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, Yokkaichi, Japan.
Masataka TamuraDepartment of Urology, Okazaki City Hospital, Okazaki, Japan.
Yasuaki KubotaDepartment of Urology, Toyota Memorial Hospital, Toyota, Gifu, Japan.
Shusuke AkamatsuDepartment of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Takahiro InoueDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.
Takuya KoieDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. koie.takuya.h2@f.gifu-u.ac.jp.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) who were histologically diagnosed with non-clear cell carcinoma (nccRCC) and received combination immunotherapy. Oncological outcomes were compared between patients with non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC group) and those with clear cell RCC (cc-RCC group) who received either immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) + ICI combination therapy (ICI + ICI) or ICI + tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy (ICI + TKI). This retrospective study analyzed patients with aRCC who received combination immunotherapy as first-line treatment at 12 institutions between August 2018 and November 2023. The primary endpoint was the comparison of overall survival (OS) between the nccRCC and cc-RCC groups. The secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) in both groups. The median follow-up periods for the nccRCC and cc-RCC groups were 17.7 and 20.4 months, respectively. The median OS was significantly shorter in the nccRCC group compared to the cc-RCC group (27.8 months vs. 62.8 months; p < 0.001). The ORRs in the nccRCC and cc-RCC groups were 52.4% and 63.6%, respectively. Among patients treated with ICI + ICI, the median OS was significantly shorter in the nccRCC group compared to the cc-RCC group (23.5 months vs. 62.8 months; p < 0.001). In the current era of ICI treatment, patients with nccRCC exhibit poorer oncological outcomes than those with cc-RCC. Indications should be evaluated thoroughly before selecting ICI + ICI treatment combinations for these patients.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, Renal CellImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyKidney NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedProgression-Free SurvivalProtein Kinase InhibitorsRetrospective StudiesImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsProtein Kinase InhibitorsAdvanced renal cell carcinomaCombination immunotherapyNon clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID41073604
PMCPMC12514010

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.