Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41071448›Full record

ArticleJapanese journal of radiology2026

Online adaptive radiation therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: short-course and high-precision definitive treatment for elderly or medically fragile patients.

Peter J K Tokuda, Rihito Aizawa, Hiraku Iramina, Takahsi Ogata, Hideaki Hirashima, Yuki Kita, Takayuki Sumiyoshi, Takashi Kobayashi, Takashi Mizowaki

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Japanese journal of radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Peter J K TokudaDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Rihito AizawaDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Hiraku IraminaDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Takahsi OgataDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Hideaki HirashimaDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Yuki KitaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Takayuki SumiyoshiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Takashi KobayashiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Takashi MizowakiDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. mizo@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-8746

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeExternal-beam radiation therapy is a treatment option for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), which enables bladder preservation and is applicable to elderly or medically fragile patients. Since the accuracy of conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy is vulnerable to even small daily changes, online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) may be a more appropriate option. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based online ART for MIBC in elderly or medically fragile patients. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe applied CBCT-based online ART to treat two elderly patients with dementia and N0 M0 MIBC, who were deemed poor candidates for surgery or systemic therapies. A cumulative dose of 55 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks was prescribed. Online ART was administered using Ethos™ Therapy.

resultsBoth patients were able to follow the prescribed protocols with assistance (e.g., bladder voiding or filling and maintaining the treatment position), although full adherence was hindered by dementia. Nonetheless, they successfully completed the entire treatment regimen with manageable acute toxicities. The median treatment session duration was 23 (range 14-50, interquartile range 19-30) min. The median volume receiving at least 90% of the prescribed dose (V

conclusionsCBCT-based online ART was considered a feasible therapeutic option for elderly or medically fragile patients with MIBC.

Indexed as

Cone-Beam Computed TomographyRadiotherapy, Image-GuidedRadiotherapy, Intensity-ModulatedUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsAged, 80 and overFeasibility StudiesFemaleFrail ElderlyHumansMaleNeoplasm InvasivenessRadiotherapy DosageRadiotherapy Planning, Computer-AssistedUrinary BladderCone-beam computed tomographyDementiaElderly patientsMuscle-invasive bladder cancerOnline adaptive radiation therapy

Identifiers

PMID41071448
PMCPMC12860803

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.