Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41070108›Full record

ArticleIJID regions2025

Prevalence and characterization of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) in Rwanda.

Fernand Rwamwejo, Vivianne Umuhire Niyonkuru, Gilbert Rukundo, Eric Remera, Edson Rwagasore, Les Sztandera, Charles Ruranga, Elizabeth Krebs

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IJID regions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fernand RwamwejoMinistry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.
Vivianne Umuhire NiyonkuruMinistry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.
Gilbert RukundoRwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.
Eric RemeraRwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.
Edson RwagasoreRwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.
Les SztanderaThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
Charles RurangaUniversity of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Elizabeth KrebsUniversity of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Reliable, population-level estimates of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) remain scarce for sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to quantify PASC prevalence and identify associated factors among adult COVID-19 survivors in Rwanda. Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional telephone survey (August-October 2024) sampled 3143 adults from the national COVID-19 registry. PASC was defined as new or persisting symptoms ≥3 months after acute illness and lasting ≥2 months. The prevalence was calculated, and multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with PASC. Results: Overall, PASC prevalence was 34%. Leading symptoms were back pain, headache, dizziness, fatigue, and reduced sexual desire. Higher odds of PASC occurred in women, adults ≥35 years, individuals with ≥2 COVID-19 infections, and those screening positive for anxiety. Current alcohol use was linked to lower odds. COVID-19 vaccination showed no association with PASC. Conclusions: Approximately one-third of adult Rwandan COVID-19 survivors continue to experience persistent symptoms. This burden signals that post-COVID care must become an integral part of routine health services, especially as new variants periodically drive fresh waves of infection. Preventing repeat infections and integrating mental health support emerge as actionable priorities. Harmonized longitudinal studies are needed to clarify PASC causality.

Indexed as

Cross-sectional surveyLong COVIDPost-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)PrevalenceRisk FactorsRwanda

Identifiers

PMID41070108
PMCPMC12506432

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.