ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2025
Echoes in the Deep: Revealing Influenza A Viruses' Persistence and Microbial Associations in Aquatic Ecosystems.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are significant pathogens with complex transmission dynamics in aquatic ecosystems, yet their persistence, evolutionary relationships, and associations with environmental microorganisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the phylogenetic characteristics and ecological associations of IAV in freshwater and seawater ecosystems in Eastern China to inform public health strategies. Methods: Water samples were collected from three freshwater lakes and a coastal seawater site. Viral particles were concentrated, and nucleic acids were extracted for metatranscriptomic and metagenomic sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses, population dynamics assessments, and microbial association networks were constructed using bioinformatic tools. Statistical tests, including Tajima's Results: IAV fragments in seawater showed high homology with recent human H3N2 strains from North America (2021-2024), while freshwater-derived fragments aligned with historical avian strains from Asia. Microbial association networks revealed significant associations between IAV and environmental bacteria (e.g., Conclusion: Aquatic ecosystems, particularly freshwater habitats, may serve as reservoirs for IAV persistence and evolution, driven by complex microbial associations. Regional disparities in viral strain origins highlight the role of migratory waterfowl and environmental transmission routes. Integrated surveillance of aquatic IAV dynamics is critical to anticipate zoonotic risks and mitigate future outbreaks.
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