Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41068721›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Socio-demographic factors associated with incomplete vaccination or non-vaccination among children aged 12-23 months in Sierra Leone.

Dove Djossaya, Thompson Igbu, Desmond Kangbai, Innocent Nuwagira, Andrew Kemoh, Michael Jones, Tom Sesay, Sallu Lansana, Samuel Adeyemi Williams, Gbessay Saffa and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Dove DjossayaDepartment of Demographic and Social Statistics, National Institute of Statistics, Yaounde, Cameroon. jojodov@yahoo.fr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-3730-1538
Thompson IgbuWorld Health Organization Country Office, Communicable and Non-Communicable Disease Cluster, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Desmond KangbaiDirectorate of Reproductive and Child Health Care, Ministry of Health, Freetown, Sierra Leone.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2543-349X
Innocent NuwagiraWorld Health Organization Country Office, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Andrew KemohDirectorate of Reproductive and Child Health Care, Ministry of Health, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Michael JonesDirectorate of Reproductive and Child Health Care, Ministry of Health, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Tom SesayDirectorate of Reproductive and Child Health Care, Ministry of Health, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Sallu LansanaDirectorate of Reproductive and Child Health Care, Ministry of Health, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Samuel Adeyemi WilliamsWorld Health Organization Country Office, Communicable and Non-Communicable Disease Cluster, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Gbessay SaffaWorld Health Organization Country Office, Communicable and Non-Communicable Disease Cluster, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Ibrahim Franklyn KamaraWorld Health Organization Country Office, Universal Life Course Cluster, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Adjidja AmaniDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6000-5132
Andre Arsene Bita FoudaWorld Health Organization AFRO, Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases, Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Brazzaville, Congo.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9188-9364
Blanche Philomène Melanga AnyaWorld Health Organization Country Office, N'Djamena, Chad.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3438-6119

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChildhood vaccination coverage in Sierra Leone remains unsatisfactory despite multiple efforts made by health authorities to enhance collective immunity of the population, especially for children aged 12 to 23 months. This study aimed at identifying the factors associated with incomplete vaccination or non-vaccination among children aged 12 to 23 months in Sierra Leone in 2019.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional study that used the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey data. Descriptive statistics was performed to describe the sample, ascending hierarchical classification following a multiple correspondence analysis was employed to establish the profile of children with incomplete vaccination or non-vaccination status, and a binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with incomplete vaccination or non-vaccination.

resultsOf the 966 children aged 12 to 23 months involved in the study, 42.9% (95% CI[39.2; 46.6]) were incompletely vaccinated or unvaccinated, of which, 43.5% (95% CI[37.9; 49]) among male children and 42.4% (95% CI[37.3; 47.4]) among their female counterparts. The Northern (AOR 1.683, 95% CI[1.131; 2.503]) and the North Western (AOR 1.847, 95% CI[1.208; 2.825]) survey regions, delivery in a place other than a health facility (AOR 1.404, 95% CI[1.001; 2.042]), the mother's age group 35 to 49 years (AOR 0.437, 95% CI[0.251; 0.762]) and the child's birth order 7th or higher (AOR 2.640, 95% CI[1.452; 4.800]) turned out to be significant factors of incomplete vaccination or non-vaccination.

conclusionIncomplete vaccination or non-vaccination among children was high in Sierra Leone in 2019. In order to increase childhood vaccine uptake, we recommend the development of initiatives geared towards optimizing facility-based service delivery, intensifying health education focusing more on vaccination, enhancing community engagement, addressing barriers to vaccine access, establishing and ensuring proper functioning of immunization defaulter tracking systems.

Indexed as

VaccinationVaccination CoverageAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInfantMaleSierra LeoneSociodemographic FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsAscending Hierarchical ClassificationChildhood VaccinationIncomplete VaccinationNon-vaccinationSierra Leone

Identifiers

PMID41068721
PMCPMC12512845

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.