ArticleBMC ophthalmology2025
Long-term observation of glare and dynamic pupil after EVO ICL (implantable collamer lens) for myopia.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the long-term changes in glare and dynamic pupil after EVO ICL implantation in myopic patients and their influencing factors.
methodIn this prospective, consecutive case study, 22 patients (44 eyes, Male/Female = 9/13) underwent EVO-ICL, with a mean age of 25.3 ± 5.4 years and spherical equivalent of -10.52 ± 3.02 D (range: -3.25 D ~ -18.00 D). Comprehensive examinations were performed before and after surgery and all patients were followed up for 5 years.
resultAt the final follow-up, the efficacy and safety indexes were 0.95 ± 0.28 and 1.17 ± 0.19, respectively. The postoperative glare decreased significantly at 1 week and 1 month (P < 0.01), then stabilized (P > 0.05). 16/22 (72.7%) of the patients reported glare. Of these patients, 7/22 (31.8%) experienced glare bothersomeness, all rating mild. Additionally, 4/22 (18.2%) of the patients had mild problems with night-time driving. In dynamic pupillometry, the amplitude of pupil contraction significantly decreased during early period (P = 0.001), and restored after 5 years post-surgery (P = 0.081). Moreover, the pupil contraction and dilation velocity reduced significantly in the early-stage (P < 0.01), and later recovered after 5 years of surgery (P > 0.05). The maximum pupil diameter did not alter significantly in the early-stage, however, it significantly decreased after 5 years post-surgery (P = 0.001). GEE showed that pupil dilation velocity, maximum pupil diameter, and ICL size were positively correlated with postoperative glare and were the main influences on the latter (all P < 0.01).
conclusionEVO ICL is safe and effective in correcting myopia. Post-operative glare is related to the pupil dilation velocity, maximum pupil diameter, and decreases over time. Most patients have no glare bothersomeness in the long term, some patients may even have their glare symptoms disappear. Only a few patients experience slight interference while nighttime driving.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.