ArticleBMC pediatrics2025
Altered right inferior frontal gyrus-based functional connectivity associated with inhibition through swimming exercise in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of exercise on executive function in cognitively healthy older adults: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Aquatic Exercise as a Complementary Intervention for Cognitive, Behavioral, Motor, and Functional Outcomes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Down Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Analysis of influencing factors and nomogram of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-age children.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common clinical developmental disorder. Aerobic exercise effectively improves the inhibition function of ADHD children, but its intervention mechanism is not clear yet. This study aimed to explore the brain mechanisms of aerobic exercise improving inhibitory function in children with ADHD.
methods20 school-age children with ADHD were studied. Before and after swimming exercise three times a week for 8 weeks, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and Flanker task tests were performed respectively. fMRI analysis focused on the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), and the whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) was calculated based on rIFG. Paired t-test was used to analyze the FC value and the behavioral results of the Flanker task. And the correlations between the FC and the behavioral changes before and after swimming exercise were analyzed.
resultsThis study found that the brain regions with significant differences in rIFG-based FC values included rIFG, right inferior parietal lobule, and cerebellum posterior lobe. The response time after exercise was significantly shorter than that before exercise, while the accuracy after exercise was higher than before. And, the FC changes within rIFG were negatively correlated with the response time changes and positively correlated with the accuracy changes of the Flanker task.
conclusionThis study suggests that the FC within rIFG and the FC between rIFG and right inferior parietal lobule are related to the improvement of inhibition function in ADHD children.
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