Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41068083›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Terahertz-field activation of polar skyrons.

Huaiyu Hugo Wang, Vladimir A Stoica, Cheng Dai, Marek Paściak, Sujit Das, Tiannan Yang, Mauro A P Gonçalves, Jiri Kulda, Margaret R McCarter, Anudeep Mangu and 20 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Huaiyu Hugo Wang *Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7555-1198
Vladimir A Stoica *Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-7819
Cheng Dai *Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Marek Paściak *Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3902-8874
Sujit DasMaterials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-0207
Tiannan YangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Mauro A P GonçalvesInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2951-8394
Jiri KuldaInstitut Laue Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France.
Margaret R McCarterDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Anudeep ManguDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Yue CaoMaterials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3989-158X
Hari PadmaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-1849
Utkarsh SahaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Diling ZhuLinac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Takahiro SatoLinac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-0910
Sanghoon SongMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3493-1850
Matthias C HoffmannMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3596-9853
Patrick KramerMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8589-1540
Silke NelsonMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Yanwen SunMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5926-6565
Quynh NguyenMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Zhan ZhangAdvanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-6134
Ramamoorthy RameshDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Lane W MartinMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-2513
Aaron M LindenbergStanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-7161
Long-Qing ChenDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-3781
John W FreelandAdvanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA. freeland@anl.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-5308
Jirka HlinkaInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic. hlinka@fzu.cz.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-4462
Venkatraman GopalanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. vxg8@psu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6866-3677
Haidan WenAdvanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA. wen@anl.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5427-175X

Funding

DOE | SC | Basic Energy Sciences (BES) DE-AC02-05CH11231DOE | SC | Basic Energy Sciences (BES) DE-AC02-06CH11357DOE | SC | Basic Energy Sciences (BES) DE-AC02-665 76SF00515DOE | SC | Basic Energy Sciences (BES) DE-SC0020145DST | Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) SRG/2022/000058United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (ARO) W911NF-21-2-0162
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unraveling collective modes arising from coupled degrees of freedom is crucial for understanding complex interactions in solids and developing new functionalities. Unique collective behaviors emerge when two degrees of freedom, ordered on distinct length scales, interact. Polar skyrmions, three-dimensional electric polarization textures in ferroelectric superlattices, disrupt the lattice continuity at the nanometer scale with nontrivial topology, leading to previously unexplored collective modes. Here, using terahertz-field excitation and femtosecond x-ray diffraction, we discover subterahertz collective modes, dubbed "skyrons", which appear as swirling patterns of atomic displacements functioning as atomic-scale gearsets. The key to activating skyrons is the use of the THz field that couples primarily to skyrmion domain walls. Momentum-resolved time-domain measurements of diffuse scattering reveal an avoided crossing in the dispersion relation of skyrons. Atomistic simulations and dynamical phase-field modeling provide microscopic insights into the three-dimensional crystallographic and polarization dynamics. The amplitude and dispersion of skyrons are demonstrated to be controlled by sample temperature and electric-field bias. The discovery of skyrons and their coupling with terahertz fields opens avenues for ultrafast control of topological polar structures.

Identifiers

PMID41068083
PMCPMC12511383

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