Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41066039›Full record

ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2026

Effects of iodine supplementation on thyroid function in children with mild congenital hypothyroidism and non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism.

Caterina Di Cosmo, Luisa Pignata, Brunella Bagattini, Patrizia Agretti, Giuseppina De Marco, Eleonora Ferrarini, Ferruccio Santini, Lucia Montanelli, Massimo Tonacchera

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Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Caterina Di Cosmo *Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy. katiadicosmo@yahoo.it.
Luisa Pignata *Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Brunella BagattiniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Patrizia AgrettiDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Giuseppina De MarcoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Eleonora FerrariniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Ferruccio SantiniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Lucia MontanelliDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.
Massimo TonaccheraDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, 56124, PI, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe role of iodine treatment in congenital and acquired non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) remains unclear, although it has been demonstrated that iodine can improve thyroid function in some dyshormonogenetic defects. We aimed to evaluate the effect of iodine administration in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) with gland in situ (GIS) and non-autoimmune SH diagnosed during childhood. PATIENTS AND

methods13 children with CH and GIS and 19 with non-autoimmune SH (7 females, 25 males; median age 10 years) were given iodine for 9 months at increasing doses from 50 µg/day to 150 µg/day, after stopping levothyroxine (LT4), when taken. 4 children had DUOX2 mutations, whereas the etiology was unknown in the remaining cases. Thyroid hormones, anti-thyroid antibodies and ultrasound were evaluated every 3 months for 12 months and then after 1 year.

resultsAt increasing of the daily iodine dose, there was in both groups a slight progressive increase in TSH, that became statistically significant only after 150 µg/day, both in the SH group (p 0.044) and in the whole group (p 0.015). The other parameters did not change with treatment. No children developed thyroid autoimmunity, even one year after iodine withdrawal, and iodine treatment did not modify the course of disease as shown by follow-up data.

conclusionThis study shows a failure of physiological doses of iodine to improve mild CH with GIS and idiopathic SH. The increase of serum TSH during treatment may reflect the spontaneous course of the disease in children rather than a detrimental effect of iodine.

Indexed as

Congenital HypothyroidismDietary SupplementsHypothyroidismIodineThyroid GlandAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMalePrognosisThyroid Function TestsIodineChildrenCongenital hypothyroidismIodineSubclinical hypothyroidism

Identifiers

PMID41066039

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.