ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025
β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium sulfate loaded with contezolid acefosamil (MRX-4) for antimicrobial potency, prevention and killing efficacy of MRSA biofilm.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potency and duration of contezolid acefosamil (MRX-4) combined with gentamicin against methicillin-resistant Methods: Antibiotic-loaded beads containing MRX-4 + gentamicin (C + G) or vancomycin + gentamicin (V + G) were prepared using CS and β-TCP/CS carriers. Antimicrobial potency and release duration were assessed using a modified Kirby-Bauer zone of inhibition (ZOI) assay. MRSA biofilm prevention and eradication were evaluated through colony forming unit (CFU) counting and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Results: C + G demonstrated prolonged antimicrobial activity, maintaining effective ZOIs for at least 40 days, whereas V + G lost activity by day 40 (P < 0.05). Both C + G and V + G significantly prevented biofilm formation and reduced CFUs by > 8 logs (P < 0.001), with no significant difference between carrier types. In biofilm eradication assays, both treatments reduced CFUs by 3-4 logs; however, C + G showed superior efficacy over V + G at day 3 (P < 0.01). CLSM confirmed substantial biofilm disruption and bacterial killing in C + G-treated groups. Conclusion: MRX-4 combined with gentamicin, delivered via CS and β-TCP/CS carriers, exhibits superior and sustained local antimicrobial efficacy compared to vancomycin, particularly in eradicating MRSA biofilms.
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