ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
The association of exogenous dietary antioxidant micronutrient intake and consumption timing with urinary albumin excretion among U.S. adults.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of the C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: evidence from two nationwide prospective cohort studies.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Association Between Ketogenic Diet and Overactive Bladder: The Mediating Roles of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Weight-Adjusted Waist Index.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is closely linked to glomerular injury and microvascular endothelial dysfunction. Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is a sensitive early marker of renal damage and systemic inflammation. Although dietary antioxidants are recognized to modulate oxidative stress, the impact of both their cumulative intake and timing on UAE remains unclear. Objectives: To investigate the association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI)-including both total daily intake and intake at different meals-and the incidence of elevated UAE among adults in the United States. We also aimed to evaluate whether the timing of antioxidant intake, particularly in the evening, modifies this relationship. Methods: We analysed data from 23,214 adults aged ≥20 years in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018. CDAI was determined using dietary intakes of six antioxidants (vitamins E, A, C, carotenoids, selenium, and zinc) across breakfast, lunch, and dinner. UAE was defined as a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 mg/g. Weighted multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, component-independent effect analysis, and analysis of subgroups were used to evaluate the associations and interactions. Results: Higher CDAI was greatly connected to reduced odds of UAE (fully adjusted OR per SD increase: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97-0.99; Conclusions: Both the quantity and timing of dietary antioxidant intake are associated with urinary albumin excretion. Evening antioxidant consumption and a higher ΔCDAI may offer enhanced renal protection, potentially via circadian modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings support a chrononutrition-based approach to kidney health and warrant further interventional studies.
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