Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41063674›Full record

ArticleInfant mental health journal2026

Psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the ages and stages questionnaires: Social-emotional-2 for 18-month-old children.

Melinda Pohárnok, Beatrix Lábadi, Eszter Regőczi-Balogh, Krisztina Kopcsó

Abstract readValidation Study
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Article in Infant mental health journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Melinda PohárnokDepartment of Developmental and Clinical Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-7003
Beatrix LábadiDepartment of General and Evolutionary Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Eszter Regőczi-BaloghDepartment of Developmental and Clinical Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Krisztina KopcsóHungarian Demographic Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7387-0865

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In Hungary there is no standardized tool to screen early social-emotional difficulties. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional Second Edition for 18-month-olds (ASQ:SE-2/18). Two studies were conducted. Study 1 involved translation, cultural adaptation, and validation in a convenient sample (N = 423). Study 2 used a nationally representative sample (N = 4918) to evaluate the factor structure, internal consistency, predictive validity and socioeconomic and demographic correlates. Study 1 supported the cultural adequacy of the Hungarian ASQ:SE-2/18, and a comparison with the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 provided evidence for its validity. In Study 2, the two-factor model, consisting of Emotional Difficulty (α = .74) and Social Difficulty (α = .69), fit better than the single-factor model and showed acceptable internal consistency. Being at risk for social (odds ratio = 1.7) or emotional (odds ratio = 3.6) development at 18 months predicted socio-emotional difficulties at age 3 assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Socioeconomic disadvantages were correlated with higher levels of social-emotional risk. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the reliability of the Hungarian ASQ:SE-2/18 and offered evidence supporting its validity. Emotional difficulties at 18 months strongly predict later maladjustment, emphasizing the need for early screening and further tool development.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentEmotionsFemaleHumansHungaryInfantMalePsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and Questionnairesages & stages questionnaires: social‐emotional‐2 (ASQ:SE‐2)early screeningreliabilityrepresentative samplesocial‐emotional developmentvalidity

Identifiers

PMID41063674
PMCPMC12719909

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