ArticleBMC oral health2025
Evaluation of aging effects on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of thermoplastic materials for orthodontic clear aligners: an in vivo study.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Ageing effects on chemical, physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of clear aligners - a systematic review.Progress in orthodontics · 2026Pooled it
- Influence of varying oral pH conditions on the material stability of thermoplastic orthodontic aligners: an in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDue to the viscoelasticity of orthodontic thermoplastic materials, the force generated by the orthodontic device for the same deformation will decline over time. Aligners are continually exposed to saliva at a constant body temperature, which can have an adverse effect on the chemical composition of the polymers. More studies are needed to investigate the in vivo aging of other materials, to determine the Best material that could meet treatment needs. We show the comparison of physical, chemical, and mechanical changes of clear aligners before and after 10 days of intraoral usage.
methodsTwenty-five unused aligners and twenty-five aligners used in the oral environment were first gathered from five patients requiring clear aligners and then subjected to water absorption and solubility, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and Chemical properties testing. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test was used to compare the equality of distributions. The Wilcoxon test was used to determine the median difference by time. Data were analyzed in R-4.4.1 using the ggstatsplot package and ggwithinstats function. The results with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant for all tests.
resultsThe mean water solubility (Wsl) was zero (before using aligners) and 0.00013 (after using aligners), indicating an insignificant difference between the two time periods (p = 0.150). The mean Max Force (N) was 97.105 (before using aligners) and 111.18 (after using aligners), implying an insignificant difference between the two time periods (p = 0.640). Similarly, the mean normalized displacement (%) was 123.56 (before using aligners) and 122.08 (after using aligners), indicating an insignificant difference between the two time periods (p = 0.290). The chemical composition analysis revealed the hydrolysis of ester bonds to carboxylic acid and alcohol functional groups post-treatment.
conclusionThe aligners' mechanical and physical properties are not significantly affected, but their chemical properties can be altered with aging.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.