ArticleBMC public health2025
The impact of prolonged air pollution exposure on urinary tract and male reproductive system infections: insights from a large-scale prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association between long-term PMBMC public health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the link between long-term air pollution exposure and the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and male reproductive system infections (MRSIs), which significantly impact incidence and quality of life.
methodsThis prospective cohort study included 375,833 participants from the UK Biobank. We used a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for covariates, to evaluate the association between exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, PMcoarse, PM10, NO2, and NOx) and the risk of UTIs and MRSIs. Nonlinear exposure-response relationships were assessed with restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine potential effect modifiers.
resultsOver a median follow-up of 12.4 years, 26,279 new UTIs and 3,545 MRSI cases were detected. It was found that there were significant connections between the likelihood of developing UTIs and being exposed to PM2.5 (hazard ratios (HRs): 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–1.53), PMcoarse (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08–1.27), PM10 (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.15–1.34), NO2 (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.12), and NOx (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.07–1.11). Similar associations were found for MRSIs. Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed non-linear exposure-response relationships for all pollutants. The strength of these connections was validated through sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsLong-term exposure to air pollutants is associated with a higher risk of UTIs and MRSIs, emphasizing the urgent need to improve air quality to mitigate these health risks.
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