Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41062463›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Combined crystallographic fragment screening and deep mutational scanning enable discovery of Zika virus NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitors.

Xiaomin Ni, R Blake Richardson, Andre Schutzer Godoy, Matteo P Ferla, Caroline Kikawa, Jenke Scheen, William W Hannon, Eda Capkin, Noa Lahav, Blake H Balcomb and 26 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Zika NS2B Protein: In Vitro Formation of Large Multimeric Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. How many crystal structures do you need to trust your docking results?bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Xiaomin Ni *Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK. xiaomin.ni@cmd.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7769-8297
R Blake Richardson *Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Andre Schutzer GodoySão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, São Carlos, 13563-120, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0613-9164
Matteo P FerlaCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.
Caroline KikawaMedical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jenke ScheenOpen Molecular Software Foundation, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.
William W HannonDivision of Basic Sciences, Computational Biology Program, and Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Eda CapkinDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Noa LahavThe Wohl Drug Discovery Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
Blake H BalcombDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Peter G MarplesDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-7969
Michael FairheadCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.
SiYi WangCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.
Eleanor P WilliamsCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1331-9518
Charles W E TomlinsonDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-6028
Jasmin C AschenbrennerDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-0481
Ryan M LithgoDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Max WinokanDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Charline GiroudCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.
Isabela DolciSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, São Carlos, 13563-120, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2431-0383
Rafaela Sachetto FernandesSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, São Carlos, 13563-120, Brazil.
Glaucius OlivaSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, São Carlos, 13563-120, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-0302
Anu V ChandranDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Mary-Ann XavierDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
Martin A WalshDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5683-1151
Warren ThompsonDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-7810
Jesse D BloomDivision of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1267-3408
Nathaniel T KentonPostEra Inc, 1 Broadway, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Alpha A LeePostEra Inc, 1 Broadway, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Annette von DelftCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.
Haim BarrThe Wohl Drug Discovery Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
Karla KirkegaardDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-3770
Lizbé KoekemoerCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9226-9127
Daren FearonDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-7863
Matthew J EvansDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. matthew.evans@mssm.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-3877
Frank von DelftCentre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM research Building, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, UK. frank.vondelft@cmd.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-0017

Funding

Target enablementU19AI171399 · NIAID · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI CHODERA, JOHN DAMON, LEE, ALPHA ALBERT · 2022 to 2025
$89.8M
Zika virus nonstructural protein 5 inhibition of interferon signalingR01AI175303 · NIAID · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Matthew J Evans, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre · 2023 to 2026
$3.3M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI175303NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI171399U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U19AI171399
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Zika viral protease NS2B-NS3 is essential for the cleavage of viral polyprotein precursor into individual structural and non-structural (NS) proteins and is therefore an attractive drug target. Generation of a robust crystal system of co-expressed NS2B-NS3 protease has enabled us to perform a crystallographic fragment screening campaign with 1076 fragments. 46 fragments with diverse scaffolds are identified to bind in the active site of the protease, with another 6 fragments observed in a potential allosteric site. To identify binding sites that are intolerant to mutation and thus suppress the outgrowth of viruses resistant to inhibitors developed from bound fragments, we perform deep mutational scanning of the NS2B-NS3 protease. Merging fragment hits yields an extensive set of 'mergers', defined as synthetically accessible compounds that recapitulate constellations of observed fragment-protein interactions. In addition, the highly sociable fragment hits enable rapid exploration of chemical space via algorithmic calculation and thus yield diverse possible starting points. In this work, we maximally explore the binding opportunities to NS2B-NS3 protease, facilitating its resistance-resilient antiviral development.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsProtease InhibitorsSerine EndopeptidasesViral Nonstructural ProteinsZika VirusBinding SitesCatalytic DomainCrystallography, X-RayDEAD-box RNA HelicasesDrug DiscoveryHumansModels, MolecularMutationNucleoside-TriphosphataseProtein BindingRNA HelicasesAntiviral AgentsDEAD-box RNA HelicasesNS2B protein, flavivirusNS3 protein, Zika virusNucleoside-TriphosphataseProtease InhibitorsRNA HelicasesSerine EndopeptidasesViral Nonstructural ProteinsViral Proteases

Identifiers

PMID41062463
PMCPMC12508225

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.