ArticleInternal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)2026
Persistent Unilateral Pleural Effusion with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Infiltration in Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma.
Article in Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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15 authors.
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Abstract
Pleural effusion following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is typically transient, bilateral, and associated with cytokine release syndrome. We herein report persistent unilateral massive pleural effusion with CAR T-cell infiltration in a 34-year-old man with refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma involving pleural lesions treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel. Flow cytometry confirmed CAR T-cell infiltration into the pleural fluid. Although temporarily improved by corticosteroids, the effusion persisted for several months but eventually resolved spontaneously. Physicians should consider CAR T-cell infiltration in persistent unilateral pleural effusion after CAR T-cell therapy, emphasizing the importance of flow cytometry for the diagnosis and potential spontaneous resolution without corticosteroids.
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