Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41060945›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Comparison of visual function analysis of people with low vision using three different models of augmented reality devices.

Sarika Gopalakrishnan, Arathy Kartha, Ronald Schuchard, Donald Fletcher

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sarika GopalakrishnanPostdoctoral Researcher, Envision Research Institute, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1848-0036
Arathy KarthaAssistant Professor, SUNY, Department of Biological and Vision Sciences, SUNY College of Optometry, New York, United States of America.
Ronald SchuchardBiotechnical R&D Consultant, United States of America.
Donald FletcherMedical Director, Envision Vision Rehabilitation Center, Wichita, Kansas, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We compared visual function in individuals with low vision (>20/60) using three different models of augmented reality (AR) devices: Ziru, IrisVision, and NuEyes-Pro3. The distance visual acuity (VA) was measured in high luminance high contrast (HLHC), high luminance low contrast (HLLC), low luminance high contrast (LLHC), and low luminance low contrast (LLLC) settings. The other tests were near VA, distance and near contrast sensitivity (CS), color vision, depth perception and indoor navigation. The change in visual function without and with AR devices was analyzed. Out of 27 participants, 17 were female. The mean age was 66.7 ± 18.2 years. The median baseline VA was 0.66 (0.79) logMAR in HLHC, 0.87 (0.54) logMAR in HLLC, 0.84 (0.67) logMAR in LLHC and 1.04 (0.34) logMAR in LLLC. The median baseline near VA was 0.55(0.4) logMAR, distance and near CS was 1.10(0.26) logCS, and 1.20(0.30) logCS respectively. Distance and near vision showed significant differences with both Ziru and IrisVision (p < 0.01), but not with NuEyes. There was a significant change in CS using Ziru and IrisVision for both distance and near (p < 0.05) but both reduced significantly with NuEyes (p < 0.01). During the objective identification task on the indoor environment using AR devices, head-level objects were missed more compared to waist or floor-level objects across all three models. Majority of the visual functions improved with Ziru and IrisVision, with limited improvement in certain lighting condition of distance visual acuity with NuEyes.

Indexed as

Augmented RealityVision, LowVisual AcuityAdultAgedAged, 80 and overContrast SensitivityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID41060945
PMCPMC12507207

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.