Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41060401›Full record

ReviewRheumatology international2025

Adjuvant-induced autoimmune syndrome (ASIA syndrome) and the role of sonography in its diagnosis: a case-based review.

Lyatif Masar Kodzhaahmed, Elis Korudova, Konstantin Batalov, Dimitrina Petrova, Zguro Batalov

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In one paragraph

Review in Rheumatology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lyatif Masar KodzhaahmedClinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT "Kaspela", Medical University of Plovdiv, 64 Sofa Str, Plovdiv, 4002, Bulgaria. l.kodzhaahmed@gmail.com.ORCID 0009-0001-3196-4190
Elis KorudovaClinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT "Kaspela", Medical University of Plovdiv, 64 Sofa Str, Plovdiv, 4002, Bulgaria.ORCID 0009-0001-8165-1504
Konstantin BatalovClinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT "Kaspela", Medical University of Plovdiv, 64 Sofa Str, Plovdiv, 4002, Bulgaria.ORCID 0009-0005-3109-3101
Dimitrina PetrovaClinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT "Kaspela", Medical University of Plovdiv, 64 Sofa Str, Plovdiv, 4002, Bulgaria.ORCID 0009-0006-6266-1420
Zguro BatalovClinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT "Kaspela", Medical University of Plovdiv, 64 Sofa Str, Plovdiv, 4002, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0003-1233-5775

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adjuvant-induced autoimmune/ autoinflammatory syndrome (ASIA) is a group of symptoms that are often found in other systemic, autoimmune diseases, which makes its recognition and diagnosis a growing problem in modern clinical practice. Although not completely clear, the genesis is associated with adjuvants - substances found in implants, vaccines, substances external to the body that lead to an exaggerated immune response. Key points of the clinical and paraclinical specificity of the disease are arthralgias, myalgias, cognitive disorders, and positivity of various autoimmune and inflammatory markers. The objectives of this report are to summarize current information about the disease, discuss diagnostic criteria, and review therapeutic options, placing special interest on the ultrasound findings. The presented case outlines the diagnostic difficulty even with the various clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings. Directing clinical thought towards this syndrome is of utmost importance for its easier recognition in practice and achieving favorable outcomes in the treatment of affected patients.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAutoimmune DiseasesHumansSyndromeUltrasonographyAdjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvantASIAAutoimmuneAutoinflammatoryHyaluronic acidUltrasound

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.