Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41058187›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomaterials applications2026

Mucoadhesive micelles for ophthalmic drug delivery.

Taylor Goostrey, Mitchell Ross, Karim Soliman, Lindsay Sheardown, Heather Sheardown

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomaterials applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Taylor GoostreyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Mitchell RossDepartment of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Karim SolimanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Lindsay SheardownDepartment of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Heather SheardownDepartment of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5404-635X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The most common formulation for treating ocular conditions is topical eyedrops, despite their well-documented inefficiency. In this study, mucoadhesive nano-micelles were developed to overcome the poor efficacy of topical eyedrops in the treatment of dry eye disease. The micelles contained a pre-activated thiomer capable of releasing mucolytic N-acetylcysteine upon covalent disulfide exchange with the natural mucus layer which covers the surface of the eye. The micelles, approximately 70 nm in diameter, were shown to be mucoadhesive through zeta potential analysis. The critical micelle concentration was determined to be 217 mg/L using the pyrene fluorescence method. The core of the micelles was loaded with cyclosporine A, displaying a greater than 90% entrapment efficiency, and yielding sustained release of approximately 57% over 10 days. The cellular response to the micelles was tested with human corneal epithelial cells by MTT assay and Live/Dead staining. It was found that lower concentrations of the amphiphilic polymer resulted in greater cellular viability and in all cases, viability increased from 24 to 48 h following treatment. Overall, these mucoadhesive systems have potential to provide more efficacious treatment of anterior segment ocular conditions.

Indexed as

CyclosporineDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsMicellesOphthalmic SolutionsAdhesivenessAdministration, OphthalmicCell LineCell SurvivalEpithelium, CornealHumansCyclosporineDrug CarriersMicellesOphthalmic Solutionscontrolled drug releasedry eye diseasemucoadhesionnano-micelles

Identifiers

PMID41058187
PMCPMC12876411

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.