ArticleBMC anesthesiology2025
A retrospective analysis of the effects of moderate sedation on the degree of cardia exposure in overweight elderly patients.
Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Oxycodone-Based Conscious Analgesia Strategy with Supplemental Low-Dose Propofol Improves Safety in Elderly Obese Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Effect of anesthetic nasal mask on hypoxemia in elderly patients undergoing gastroscopy with deep sedation: a randomized controlled trial.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Trial
- Early cardia neoplasms in the upper gastrointestinal tract have a higher detection rate under sedation: a retrospective cohort study based on the Chinese population.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- qCON and qNOX-Guided Sedation Monitoring During Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Prospective Observational Preliminary Study.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGastric cancer is a type of malignant gastrointestinal tumor that poses a serious threat to human life and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although cardia-related diseases are rarely reported in the literature on gastrointestinal disorders, cardia lesions are not uncommon in clinical practice. The development of esophageal cancer may be associated with risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma, such as reflux esophagitis, high-fat diet, advanced age, and obesity. During gastroscopy, it is important to note that inadequate visualization of the esophagus may result from various factors, which can affect the diagnosis of esophageal lesions and lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnoses. Currently, intravenous sedation using a combination of fentanyl and propofol is routinely administered during gastrointestinal endoscopy. The use of propofol in gastroscopy has been shown to improve procedural quality, enhance patient tolerance, and increase the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis. However, the differences in esophageal exposure between moderate and deep sedation still require further clinical validation.
methodsThis study was a single-center retrospective clinical study. One hundred and twenty elderly overweight patients who underwent sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at our Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center from May 2020 to August 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into a moderate sedation group (Group A) and a deep sedation group (Group B) according to the anesthesia method. Primary outcome index: compare the sedation success rate and cardia exposure degree between the two groups. Secondary outcome indicators: compare the incidence of hypoxia during sedation between the two groups. Comparison of sedation recovery time, pain [visual analog scale (VAS)] and patient satisfaction.
resultsA total of 120 patients aged 60-75 years with body mass index ≧ 25 kg/m
conclusionBoth moderate and deep sedation are applicable for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly overweight patients. However, moderate sedation is more suitable than deep sedation for those with unstable cardiopulmonary function. Compared with deep sedation, moderate sedation provides better cardia exposure, a lower incidence of hypoxia, faster recovery time, improved safety, and comparable patient satisfaction, making it worthy of clinical promotion.
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