Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41057647›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Behavioral shifts of reintroduced Milu deer Elaphurus davidianus in East Dongting lake of China.

Zhibin Cheng, Hong Zhang, Jialiang Ma, Chengmiao Feng, Wei Liu, Zhenyu Zhong, Qingyun Guo, Qingxun Zhang, Pan Zhang, Shumiao Zhang and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Baseline Activity Patterns of Two Captive Red Pandas (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zhibin Cheng *College of Wildlife and Protected Areas, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
Hong Zhang *Yueyang Forestry Bureau, Yueyang, 414000, China.
Jialiang MaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Areas, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
Chengmiao FengBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
Wei LiuCollege of Wildlife and Protected Areas, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
Zhenyu ZhongBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
Qingyun GuoBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
Qingxun ZhangBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
Pan ZhangBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
Shumiao ZhangBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
Cheng ZongCollege of Wildlife and Protected Areas, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
Jiade BaiBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China. baijiade234@aliyun.com.
Kun ChengCollege of Wildlife and Protected Areas, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China. chengkcn@163.com.

Funding

Beijing Municipal Fiscal Project No.25CA005Key research and development project of China's Ministry of Science and Technology 2024YFF1306404-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reintroduction is an important method for recovering endangered and rare species in their natural habitats. Understanding how these species adapt to new environments is essential for their conservation and population recovery. However, behavioral adaption (particularly circadian activity patterns) of reintroduced Milu deer (Elaphurus davidianus), a special species disappeared in the wild for centuries, remains poorly understood during their initial release into historical range from captivity. We investigated the circadian behavioral rhythms of Milu reintroduced to the East Dongting Lake, using data transmitted by the GPS collars from winter 2020 to autumn 2022. The results showed that Milu's diurnal activity predominated over nocturnal activity (generally crepuscular pattern), with 1-4 activity peaks within a 24-hour period. From winter 2020 to autumn 2022, there were significant sexual differences in activity rhythms during winter 2020, summer 2021, summer 2022, and autumn 2022 (P < 0.05). Except for summer 2022 of male Milu (U

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalDeerAnimalsChinaCircadian RhythmConservation of Natural ResourcesEcosystemEndangered SpeciesFemaleLakesMaleSeasonsActivity patternDeerElaphurus davidianusEndangered speciesEx situ conservationReintroduction

Identifiers

PMID41057647
PMCPMC12504694

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.