Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41057391›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Origin of Umm Al Heesh lake in the Rub' Al Khali desert, Saudi Arabia.

Ekaterina S Kazak, Abdulaziz Al Gaoud, Syed M Ahmed, Fahad Souid, Aadil Nabi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ekaterina S KazakSaudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Ekaterina@Kazak.net.
Abdulaziz Al GaoudSaudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Syed M AhmedSaudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad SouidSaudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Aadil NabiSaudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents the first detailed hydrogeochemical study of the Umm Al Heesh lake, located in in Rub' Al Khali, Saudi Arabia, the largest continuous sand desert on Earth. Analysis of the salt precipitation, geochemical and isotope facies of the water indicates that the water source of Umm Al Heesh is the Paleocene aquifer groundwater, that naturally seeps to the surface through fractures and forms permanent spring lakes. Because of the topography of the dunes, some water from the spring lakes flows out as surface runoff, creating a large temporary puddle lake. The different groundwater flow between these lakes is reflected in their salinity as well as isotope composition (δ

Indexed as

Arid environmentGroundwaterHydrogeochemistryLakeRub’ Al KhaliSabkhaUmm Al Heesh

Identifiers

PMID41057391
PMCPMC12504649

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.