Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41057367›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Nonlocality-enabled photonic analogies of parallel spaces, wormholes and multiple realities.

Tongtong Song, Yongxin Jing, Changhui Shen, Hongchen Chu, Jie Luo, Runqi Jia, Cong Wang, Meng Xiao, Zhao-Qing Zhang, Ruwen Peng and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Tongtong Song *National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Yongxin Jing *National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Changhui Shen *National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Hongchen ChuSchool of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
Jie LuoSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3614-3375
Runqi JiaNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Cong WangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Meng XiaoKey Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2087-3007
Zhao-Qing ZhangDepartment of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Ruwen PengNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. rwpeng@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-2771
Mu WangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. muwang@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3823-1272
C T ChanDepartment of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. phchan@ust.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-8110
Yun LaiNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. laiyun@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-9274

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12174188National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12234010National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12474293
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The concepts of the multiverse and wormholes in dimensions beyond our physical space have long captivated curiosity and imagination, yet experimental demonstrations remain elusive. In this work, we employ nonlocal artificial materials to construct a photonic analogy of parallel spaces, where two distinct effective optical media coexist within a single artificial material, each accessible through different material boundaries. Enhanced by deep learning, this method further enables the analogies of two fascinating phenomena: photonic wormholes as invisible optical tunnels, and photonic multiple realities, where two different optical devices or scatterers function independently at the same location as if they exist in separate dimensions. Our findings empower optical designs to transcend the limitations of physical dimensions effectively, paving the way for an unprecedented degree of freedom in multiplexing.

Identifiers

PMID41057367
PMCPMC12504751

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.