Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41056247›Full record

ArticlePerception2026

Visual expertise for aerial- and ground-views of houses: No evidence for mental rotation, but experts were more diligent than novices.

Emil Skog, Andrew J Schofield, Timothy S Meese

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Perception, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Emil SkogSchool of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2492-9933
Andrew J SchofieldSchool of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0589-4678
Timothy S MeeseAston Laboratory for Immersive Virtual Environments, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3744-4679

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ordnance Survey (OS) remote sensing surveyors have extensive experience with aerial views of scenes and objects. Building on our previous work with this group, we investigated whether their expertise influenced performance on a same/different object recognition task involving houses. In an online study, these stimuli were shown from both familiar ground-level viewpoints and from what is for most people, unfamiliar aerial viewpoints. OS experts and novices compared achromatic, disparity-free images with aerial perspectives rotated around the clock against canonical ground-views; we measured response times (RTs) and sensitivities (

Indexed as

ImaginationPattern Recognition, VisualRecognition, PsychologyAdultFemaleHumansMaleReaction TimeYoung Adultexpertsfeature identificationmental rotationobject recognitionunusual viewpointsviewpoint invariance

Identifiers

PMID41056247
PMCPMC12816412

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.