ReviewInternational journal of surgery (London, England)2026
Natural products targeting programmed cell death: a novel therapeutic strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration.
Review in International journal of surgery (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ammonia Accumulation Drives Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Triggering Ammonia-Induced Cell Death Through Lysosome-Mitochondria Crosstalk.Cell proliferation · 2026Article
- Gut-Intervertebral Disc Axis: Gut Microbiome-Driven Immune-Metabolic Imbalance and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Journal of cellular physiology · 2026Review
- Elucidation of Baicalein's Anti-Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Mechanism Through Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) serves as a central pathological mechanism in the development of spinal degenerative disorders. Its progression is closely associated with the dysregulated activation of various programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy. Recent investigations have highlighted the potential of natural products to modulate these cell death processes through multitarget mechanisms, making them promising candidates for IVDD intervention. In this study, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed database (up to 2025), applying a dual search strategy to systematically identify relevant publications. Following the screening of titles and abstracts and the removal of nonoriginal publications, a total of 194 eligible studies were retained, covering 134 distinct natural products. The analysis revealed that these products are capable of targeting multiple PCD pathways in intervertebral disc cells and exhibit considerable therapeutic potential. These findings offer a theoretical framework and methodological reference for the development of novel treatments for IVDD. Nevertheless, limitations remain regarding natural products, particularly in terms of bioavailability and safety. Future efforts should focus on optimizing screening platforms and drug delivery strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing potential toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.