Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41055825›Full record

ArticleOral radiology2026

Relationships among apical surface area, impaction level, and age in impacted mandibular third molars: a CBCT study.

Ghassan Ali Abbas, Rabiah Al-Adawiyah Rahmat, Amir Hazwan Abdul Rahim, Meghna Gohain, Arofi Kurniawan, Mariam Abdullah, Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini, Norliza Ibrahim

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Oral radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ghassan Ali AbbasDepartment of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq.
Rabiah Al-Adawiyah RahmatDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rabiahadaw@um.edu.my.ORCID 0000-0002-4419-683X
Amir Hazwan Abdul RahimDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. amirhazwan@um.edu.my.ORCID 0000-0002-9085-0804
Meghna GohainDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Arofi KurniawanDepartment of Forensic Odontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Mariam AbdullahDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Zuraiza Mohamad ZainiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Norliza IbrahimDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. norlizaibrahim@um.edu.my.ORCID 0000-0002-2481-2893

Funding

Universiti Malaya BKP033-2023-ECR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study investigated the association between the apical surface area measurement (ASAM) of impacted mandibular third molars (IMTM) and chronological age at varying impaction levels, as well as ASAM differences among levels.

methodsA total of 446 IMTM (227 right, 219 left) from 257 Malaysian patients aged 15.0 to 25.9 years were included and grouped into 0.9-year intervals. All CBCT images were analysed using Mimics and 3-matic software (Materialise NV, Belgium, version 21.0) to calculate the apical surface area. Impaction level was categorised according to the Pell and Gregory classification system. Spearman's correlation and Welch's ANOVA were conducted to assess the relationship between ASAM and age and to compare ASAM across the four levels (A, B, modified B/C, and C). Differences between left and right IMTM were assessed using an independent t-test, and analysed with SPSS (version 26).

resultASAM showed an inverse correlation with age (ρ = -0.89, ρ

conclusionsThis study demonstrates the relationship between ASAM in IMTM and age, with potential applicability in dental age estimation. However, caution is advised for level C impactions, as the estimated age may be biased.

Indexed as

Cone-Beam Computed TomographyMolar, ThirdTooth ApexTooth, ImpactedAdolescentAdultAge FactorsFemaleHumansMalaysiaMaleMandibleYoung AdultAge estimationCBCTMandibular third molarTooth impactionYoung adult

Identifiers

PMID41055825
PMCPMC12988898

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.