ArticleTropical animal health and production2025
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic insights into Theileria annulata affecting cattle in Western Uttar Pradesh, India.
Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Theileriosis is a significant protozoan disease in cattle, transmitted by ticks, and poses a major health concern for bovine populations. With rising case numbers and strain-specific clinical variability, the genetic characterization of Theileria species in different geographical regions has become crucial. However, limited molecular data are available on the genetic diversity and identity matrix analysis of Theileria species in cattle. This study aimed to genetically evaluate Theileria species isolates affecting cattle in the Western parts of Uttar Pradesh, India. In the present investigation, one hundred blood samples were collected from bovines exhibiting clinical signs consistent with Theileria infection in the study. Initial screening was conducted using Giemsa-stained thin blood smears, followed by molecular validation confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 18 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Genetic analyses were performed using the MEGA-X software. Microscopic examination identified Theileria species in 17% of the samples, whereas PCR detected the parasite in 53% of the examined samples. Following 18 S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, all field isolates were found to be clustered into a single clade, showing 95.96–98.49% sequence homology with Theileria annulata. These findings highlight the significance of improving molecular surveillance and genetic profiling of Theileria species across diverse regions to better understand their epidemiology and inform control strategies for bovine theileriosis in India.
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