Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41054870›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of pain (London, England)2025

Associations of Graded Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Severity With Well-Being and Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviour: Findings From a Danish Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

Sophie Sell Hellmann, Henrik Bjarke Vaegter, Gitte Handberg, Pernille Lykke Petersen, Geana Paula Kurita, Per Sjøgren, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Ola Ekholm

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of pain (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Identification of high-impact chronic pain among cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale framework.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sophie Sell HellmannNational Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Henrik Bjarke VaegterPain Research Group, Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Odense, Odense, Denmark.
Gitte HandbergDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Pernille Lykke PetersenDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Geana Paula KuritaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Per SjøgrenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lau Caspar ThygesenNational Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ola EkholmNational Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised (GCPS-R) framework enables a standardised measure of disease severity and was incorporated into the national disease surveillance in Denmark in 2023. Novel dose-response associations between GCPS-R-systemised disease severity, general health, well-being, and modifiable lifestyle behaviour were analysed to enhance awareness of risk associations related to chronic non-cancer pain disease severity.

methodsA cross-sectional study including 8329 non-cancer participants aged 16 years and older from the Danish National Health Survey 2023. The participants completed a comprehensive self-reported questionnaire on general health, well-being, and modifiable lifestyle behaviour, including the GCPS-R framework. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using logistic regression models for dichotomous outcomes related to general health, well-being, and modifiable lifestyle behaviour adjusted for sex, age, area of residence, BMI, country of origin, education and marital status.

resultsThe GCPS-R score had strong positive dose-response associations with odds of poor/fair general health, showing ORs 1.66 (95% CI: 1.32-2.10) in mild-impact, 6.08 (5.02-7.37) in bothersome-impact, and 13.53 (11.53-15.88) in high-impact compared with no chronic non-cancer pain. The GCPS-R score had overall strong positive associations with odds of poor well-being outcomes and moderate positive associations with odds of unhealthy modifiable lifestyle behaviour outcomes concerning illicit drugs, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet and tobacco.

conclusionsThe GCPS-R framework is applicable in national surveys enabling graded measures for associations related to chronic non-cancer pain disease severity. Unified cross-country strategies for national surveillance could strengthen the evidence base for equitable public health policies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Chronic non-cancer pain is a highly prevalent disease associated with elevated risks of several bio- psychosocial health conditions. However, whether risks related to chronic non-cancer pain vary by disease severity is currently unknown. Hellmann et al. found the validated GCPS-R framework useful in national survey-based disease surveillance. The GCPS-R-systemised disease severity measures classified in no, low-impact, bothersome-impact, and high-impact chronic non-cancer pain enabled nuanced knowledge about such risk associations, being a fundamental base in planning targeted healthcare strategies for improved chronic non-cancer pain management.

Indexed as

Chronic PainHealth BehaviorLife StyleAdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesDenmarkFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedPain MeasurementSeverity of Illness IndexYoung Adultchronic painGCPS‐Rlifestylerisk factorswell‐being

Identifiers

PMID41054870
PMCPMC12501817

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.