Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41053968›Full record

ArticleInfant mental health journal2026

A cross-lagged panel model examining the longitudinal associations between maternal emotion regulation difficulties, parenting stress, and child socio-emotional problems in toddlerhood.

Charlotte Verhagen, Stefanie Duijndam, Nina Kupper, Paul Lodder, Myrthe Boekhorst

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infant mental health journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Charlotte VerhagenDepartment of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Stefanie DuijndamDepartment of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Nina KupperDepartment of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Paul LodderDepartment of Methodology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Myrthe BoekhorstDepartment of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5737-7026

Funding

This research was supported by a Startersgrant from the Dutch Government.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In toddlerhood, parents play a crucial role in supporting the socio-emotional development of children through their parenting behaviors. Certain parental risk factors, such as emotion regulation difficulties and parenting stress, have been found to be related to both parenting practices and child outcomes. As the interplay between these risk factors and their associations with child socio-emotional problems can change across toddlerhood, the aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal, bidirectional associations of parenting stress and maternal emotion regulation difficulties with child socio-emotional problems. This study included 360 mothers from the Southern regions of the Netherlands (M

Indexed as

Emotional RegulationMother-Child RelationsMothersParentingStress, PsychologicalAdultChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantLongitudinal StudiesMaleNetherlandsSurveys and Questionnaireschild socio‐emotional problemslongitudinalparent emotion regulation difficultiesparenting stresstoddlerhood

Identifiers

PMID41053968
PMCPMC12719906

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.