Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41053231›Full record

ArticleCommunications medicine2025

Early pandemic HIV-1 integration site preferences differ across anatomical sites.

Hinissan P Kohio, Hannah O Ajoge, Emile A Barua, Neel R Vajaria, Isaac K F Wu, Macon D Coleman, Sean K Tom, Frank van der Meer, John Gill, Deirdre Church and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Communications medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Hinissan P Kohio *Western University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.
Hannah O Ajoge *Western University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.
Emile A BaruaWestern University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.
Neel R VajariaWestern University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.
Isaac K F WuWestern University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-8312-3121
Macon D ColemanWestern University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.
Sean K TomWestern University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada.
Frank van der MeerUniversity of Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3785-9639
John GillSnyder Institute for Chronic Diseases University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Deirdre ChurchSnyder Institute for Chronic Diseases University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Paul BeckSnyder Institute for Chronic Diseases University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Christopher PowerUniversity of Alberta, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Psychiatry, Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Guido van MarleUniversity of Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada. vanmarle@ucalgary.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-6229
Stephen D BarrWestern University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, London, ON, Canada. stephen.barr@uwo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0028-7430

Funding

Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada) FRN-150406Gouvernement du Canada | Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada | CIHR Skin Research Training Centre (Skin Research Training Centre) HOP-9018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHIV-1 persists in the body even when treatment suppresses viral replication. This persistence is due in part to the virus integrating into the DNA of infected cells. While it is known that HIV-1 can integrate into many different tissues, it remains unclear whether integration patterns differ across anatomical sites. This study investigated how the location and characteristics of HIV-1 integration sites vary across distinct tissues in people living with HIV-1 subtype B during the early years of the pandemic, before modern treatment was widely available.

methodsIntegration site data were obtained from matched samples from the esophagus, blood, stomach, duodenum, and colon, and from unmatched brain tissue. We evaluated how frequently the virus integrated near different genomic features, including gene regions, repetitive elements, and predicted DNA structures, and compared integration patterns across tissues and individuals.

resultsWe show that integration site patterns differ by tissue. In brain tissue, HIV integrates less frequently into genes and more frequently into specific repetitive elements and accessible regions of DNA. We also find that integration near unusual DNA shapes varies by tissue, and that certain integration hotspots are shared while others are unique. Genes involved in HIV-1-related diseases are frequently targeted across tissues.

conclusionsThis study reveals that HIV-1 integration patterns are shaped by the tissue environment. These findings suggest that the long-term persistence of HIV-1 depends in part on tissue-specific integration site features, with potential implications for disease risk and treatment strategies.

Identifiers

PMID41053231
PMCPMC12500917

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.