Trial reportAge and ageing2025
A cost-consequence analysis of a nudge intervention to improve hospital care of older people at the end of life: results from a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial.
Trial report in Age and ageing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Agile nudge implementation to improve minority recruitment in community-based research.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- New perspectives from evidence to action - patient-centered evidence transformation in evidence-based nursing: a narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe 'Intervention for Appropriate Care and Treatment' (InterACT) was a nudge intervention to identify hospital patients at risk of imminent death or deterioration and communicate this information to treating clinical teams. The aim was to improve the quality of care delivered. This paper reports a cost-consequence analysis of the InterACT intervention.
methodsA stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial was conducted across three large tertiary hospitals in Australia between May 2020 and June 2021. The cost of implementing the intervention was determined using prospectively collected staff time sheets, study documentation and field notes. Changes to hospital admission costs and health service outcomes between the trial's intervention and control phases are also reported. Hospital admissions costs and other health service outcomes were obtained from hospital databases and patient chart reviews.
resultsThe mean intervention cost was $A 72 per at-risk patient admission identified. Additional site-level implementation costs ranged between $21 373 to $34 867 per hospital site, translating to $23 per at-risk admission. The intervention did not reduce the cost of intensive care unit admission, length of stay, medical emergency calls or in-hospital deaths. Wide confidence intervals around at-risk admission cost differences (95% CI: -$2264 to $3312) indicated there was large uncertainty.
conclusionsThis cost-consequence analysis found that the intervention was not effective in reducing the cost of non-beneficial treatment, which is consistent with the broader InterACT results. This simple nudge-intervention alone may not be sufficient to impact health service resource use and costs in the complex end-of-life setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.