ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2025
Voice-Hearing in the General Population: The Relationship Between Inner Speech, Absorption, and Voice-Like Hallucinations.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Hallucination Research From an Interdisciplinary Perspective: Enhancing Understanding, Embracing Complexity.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
background and hypothesisInner speech models have been influential in explaining why some people hear voices in both general and clinical populations. To explore this, scholars developed a scale which linked inner speech to hallucination proneness in the general population. We predicted that we could replicate this finding across cultures, but that absorption would also be a significant predictor, with inner speech mediating absorption's effect on voice hearing-providing an alternative conception of the inner speech model.
designWe investigated the relationship between inner speech, absorption, and voice hearing in two studies. In Study 1, surveys were administered to undergraduates across five countries (total N = 825, N = 217 completing both the Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire and Tellegen Absorption scales). In Study 2, surveys were administered to online participants in the USA (N = 1000).
resultsWe found that both inner speech and absorption predicted voice hearing in Studies 1 and 2. Study 2 suggested that absorption and inner speech have a complex relationship with one another, one best described by a model of moderated mediation.
conclusionsWe argue that absorption, which we characterize as an attitude toward the mind, may be an important, causally antecedent factor to inner speech in generating voice-like experiences in the general population. We believe this better captures the expansive range of phenomenological experiences represented in voice hearing. Perhaps a voice is less like a misattributed thought and more like a very vivid thought which, because it is felt as vivid, is experienced as sensory.
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