Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41051623›Full record

ArticleEndocrine2025

Environmental and lifestyle factors and risk of thyroid carcinoma: a cross-sectional study.

Valentina Sada, Alessia Cozzolino, Ilaria Neri, Ritamaria Di Lorenzo, Livia Barba, Roberta Modica, Pasquale Dolce, Oumaima Achour, Carlotta Pozza, Elisa Giannetta and 8 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Valentina Sada *Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Alessia Cozzolino *Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Ilaria NeriXenoanalysis Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Ritamaria Di LorenzoXenoanalysis Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Livia BarbaUnit of Endocrinology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy.
Roberta ModicaUnit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Pasquale DolceBiostatistics and Clinical Trial Methodology Unit, Clinical Research Center DEMeTra, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Oumaima AchourDepartment of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Carlotta PozzaDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Elisa GiannettaDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Daniele GianfrilliDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Lucia GrumettoXenoanalysis Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Valeria AscoliDepartment of Radiological Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Claudio BellevicineDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Giancarlo TronconeDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Andrea M IsidoriDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Annamaria ColaoBiostatistics and Clinical Trial Methodology Unit, Clinical Research Center DEMeTra, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Antongiulio FaggianoDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035 - 00189, Roma, Italy. antongiulio.faggiano@uniroma1.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is increasing, and environmental factors, including lifestyle and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) exposure, have been advocated as having an etiologic role. To investigate the relationship between DTC, EDCs exposure, and lifestyle in a population from two Italian regions.

methodsA cross-sectional study evaluating chemical exposure, lifestyle, and DTC diagnosis in subjects with thyroid nodules, undergoing Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology from May 2019 to February 2021. 193 patients were split into groups based on cytological diagnosis: group A, benign or low-risk (TIR2-TIR3A); group B, high-risk (TIR3B-TIR4-TIR5). Age, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), thyroid hormone profile, lifestyle variables, and serum EDCs levels were compared.

resultsThe percentage of male patients was significantly higher in group B (p = 0.033), as well as the prevalence of obesity (p = 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.013). Visceral obesity was higher in group B, without reaching statistical significance (70.4% vs. 58.7%, p = 0.252), while WC was significantly higher in group B (p = 0.008). EDCs serum levels were not significantly higher in group B. A multivariable analysis found a significant association between high-risk cytology and WC (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.08, p = 0.027). Considering patients with obesity, a linear correlation was observed between WC and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) levels (r:0.40; p = 0.034).

conclusionObesity could have a role in DTC development. Furthermore, the WC and DEHP levels correlation in patients with obesity supports the hypothesis of an interaction between EDCs exposure and adipose tissue excess in increasing DTC risk.

Indexed as

Endocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental ExposureLife StyleThyroid NeoplasmsAdultAgedBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedObesityRisk FactorsWaist CircumferenceEndocrine DisruptorsEndocrine disrupting chemicalsLifestyle - environmentObesityThyroid cancerThyroid nodules

Identifiers

PMID41051623
PMCPMC12572022

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.