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ArticleHead and neck pathology2025

Clear Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Maxillary Alveolus-A Case Report with Diagnostic Pitfalls.

Mahija Janardhanan, Rakesh Suresh, Vindhya Savithri, Thara Aravind, Lisha Mathew, V Ravi

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Head and neck pathology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mahija JanardhananDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Campus, Ponekkara (P.O), Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India. mahijaj@yahoo.co.in.
Rakesh SureshDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Campus, Ponekkara (P.O), Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Vindhya SavithriDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Campus, Ponekkara (P.O), Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Thara AravindDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Campus, Ponekkara (P.O), Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Lisha MathewDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Campus, Ponekkara (P.O), Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
V RaviDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClear cell neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant tumours characterized by the presence of clear cells on histological examination. Although uncommon in the head and neck, a wide range of intraoral tumours of varied cellular origins may exhibit clear cell changes. While distinctive histomorphological features often allow accurate diagnosis, extensive clear cell alterations with overlapping patterns can pose significant diagnostic challenges. This paper highlights such challenges and the systematic approach undertaken to establish the final diagnosis.

methodsWe report a rare case of the clear cell variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (CCSCC) involving the maxillary alveolus in a 58-year-old female. Clinically and histologically, the lesion mimicked odontogenic tumours, salivary gland neoplasms, melanoma, and metastatic lesions of the jaws. Detailed histomorphological assessment, supported by special stains and immunohistochemistry, was performed to reach a definitive diagnosis.

resultsHistopathology revealed epithelial islands of clear cells with features overlapping those of salivary gland and odontogenic tumours, as well as melanoma. Special stains excluded mucoepidermoid carcinoma, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for CK19, EMA and pan-Cytokeratin, with negativity for HMB-45, S100, P63, calretinin & CK10. Examination of deeper sections showed severe epithelial dysplasia with stromal invasion, confirming the diagnosis of CCSCC.

conclusionCCSCC of the oral cavity is an exceptionally rare and diagnostically challenging entity. Accurate diagnosis requires correlation of clinical, imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Early recognition is essential, given its aggressive clinical behaviour.

Indexed as

Alveolar ProcessCarcinoma, Squamous CellMaxillary NeoplasmsSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckBiomarkers, TumorDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansMiddle AgedBiomarkers, TumorClear cellsDiagnosisImmunohistochemistryMaxillaOral squamous cell carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID41051580
PMCPMC12501082

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