Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41051531›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2025

Biomarkers during early healing of extraction procedures: a prospective case series.

Alessandra Toti, Ada Kura, Elena Sticchi, Marco Duvina, Vanni Balestri, Franco Amunni, Paolo Tonelli, Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli, Carla Ghelardini, Ester Parisi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Alessandra TotiDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - NEUROFARBA - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. alessandra.toti@unifi.it.
Ada KuraDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Elena SticchiAtherothrombotic Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Marco DuvinaDepartment of Special Dentistry, Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Vanni BalestriDepartment of Special Dentistry, Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Franco AmunniDepartment of Special Dentistry, Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Paolo TonelliDepartment of Oral Surgery, University of Florence School of Dentistry, Florence, Italy.
Lorenzo Di Cesare MannelliDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - NEUROFARBA - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Carla GhelardiniDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - NEUROFARBA - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Ester ParisiDepartment of Oral Surgery, University of Florence School of Dentistry, Florence, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aims to: (1) evaluate the temporal profiles of VEGF-A, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, G-CSF, TNF-α, and β-NGF in surgical wound exudate (WF), comparing them to each patient's baseline values from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF); (2) describe a non-invasive, reliable method for collecting and processing WF to identify molecular markers involved in wound healing. MATERIALS AND

methodsTwenty-four patients underwent surgical tooth extraction. GCF samples were collected preoperatively (T0), and WF samples 24 h (T1) and 7 days (T2) postoperatively. Protein concentrations were measured using multiplex ELISA and expressed as mean ± SEM.

resultsIL-1β significantly increased from 23.58 ± 4.52 (T0) to 83.95 ± 21.39 (T1; p < 0.001). TNF-α rose from 1.82 ± 0.48 to 40.88 ± 11.27 (p < 0.0001), IL-6 peaked at 214.76 ± 38.21 (from 2.37 ± 0.98; p < 0.0001), and VEGF-A increased to 18.50 ± 4.85 (from 3.46 ± 2.19; p < 0.001).

conclusionsThe method enabled efficient, non-invasive assessment of protein levels relative to individual baselines, confirming expected biomarker trends in early wound healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Non-invasive biomarker analysis of wound exudate offers a practical approach to monitor healing and support targeted pain reduction and tissue repair strategies.

Indexed as

BiomarkersGingival Crevicular FluidTooth ExtractionWound HealingAdultAgedEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayExudates and TransudatesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesVascular Endothelial Growth Factor ABiomarkersVascular Endothelial Growth Factor ACytokinesEarly healingGrowth factorsTooth extraction

Identifiers

PMID41051531
PMCPMC12500744

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.