Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41051440›Full record

ArticleJournal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing2026

Worldwide data analysis of BIOTRONIK ICD and CRT-D battery longevity.

David Hayes, Christian Ramharter, Stefan Paule, Daniele Giacopelli, Bobak Salehi, Volker Lang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David HayesBIOTRONIK Inc., Lake Oswego, Oregon, USA. david.hayes@biotronik.com.
Christian RamharterBIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.
Stefan PauleBIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.
Daniele GiacopelliBIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.
Bobak SalehiBIOTRONIK Inc., Lake Oswego, Oregon, USA.
Volker LangBIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBattery longevity is a key consideration in the selection of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-Ds), with implications for both clinical outcomes and healthcare costs. A recent study suggested shorter-than-expected battery life for BIOTRONIK devices, prompting a comprehensive internal analysis. This analysis aimed to evaluate the real-world battery longevity of BIOTRONIK high-voltage devices (ICDs and CRT-Ds) across three generations, using global remote monitoring data.

methodsA total of 215,471 BIOTRONIK devices implanted between 2006 and 2024 were analyzed using data from the BIOTRONIK Home Monitoring Service Center. Devices were grouped into three generations (BIO 2000, 2010, 2020) and stratified by type: single-chamber ICD (VR), dual-chamber ICD (DR), CRT-D, and single-lead ICD with an atrial floating dipole (DX). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate median service times, with extrapolation applied to censored data.

resultsMedian service times increased substantially across generations (p < 0.001): VR devices improved from 92 (interquartile range 72-106) to 175 (169-182) months (+89%), DR from 73 (63-93) to 155 (132-168) months (+108%), CRT-D from 72 (62-79) to 111 (95-126) months (+52%), and DX from 97 (92-101) to 170 (163-175) months (+74%). DX devices demonstrated superior longevity compared to DR devices.

conclusionBattery longevity of BIOTRONIK ICDs and CRT-Ds has improved markedly with each generation. Newer devices demonstrate service times at or above industry standards, supporting their clinical and economic value.

Indexed as

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy DevicesDefibrillators, ImplantableElectric Power SuppliesAgedEquipment DesignFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBattery longevityCRT-DICDICD DXImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator

Identifiers

PMID41051440
PMCPMC12764575

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.