ArticleNature and science of sleep2025
A Prospective Observational Study Investigating the Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency and STOP-Bang Parameters in Elderly Populations.
Article in Nature and science of sleep, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: Could a simple sleep questionnaire reveal more than just obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk? Our study suggests it might. OSA is the most prevalent yet frequently underdiagnosed sleep disorder. Vitamin D deficiency shares multiple risk factors with OSA, such as obesity, older age, and hypertension. The STOP-Bang questionnaire, a simple, self-report screening tool originally designed to identify individuals at risk for OSA, may also highlight those susceptible to vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between STOP-Bang parameters and vitamin D deficiency risk among elderly individuals. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included 451 elderly individuals from the Healthy Aging Project at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Participants completed the STOP-Bang questionnaire for OSA screening and underwent clinical evaluation and blood testing for serum 25(OH)D levels. Results: There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and body mass index (BMI). Additionally, participants with larger neck circumferences and female sex were significantly more likely to have vitamin D deficiency. In addition, people with more daytime tiredness had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels than did those in the other group. Conclusion: We suggest screening for vitamin D deficiency among OSA patients with several risk factors identified with the STOP-Bang parameters, such as a larger neck circumference, higher BMI levels, and increased daytime sleepiness, to enable timely interventions addressing vitamin D deficiency and its associated consequences. Further research should investigate the causal relationship between vitamin D deficiency and OSA risk in elderly populations.
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