Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41050369›Full record

ReviewOsteoarthritis and cartilage open2025

Defining and measuring varus thrust in knee osteoarthritis: A scoping review of current evidence and challenges.

Vincenzo E Di Bacco, Zaryan Masood, Joshua A J Keogh, Matthew C Ruder, Fatima Gafoor, Jenny Wu, Yalda Azari, Eseoghene Orogun, Dylan Kobsar

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Osteoarthritis and cartilage open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Vincenzo E Di BaccoDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Zaryan MasoodDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Joshua A J KeoghDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Matthew C RuderDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Fatima GafoorSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Jenny WuDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Yalda AzariDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Eseoghene OrogunDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Dylan KobsarDepartment of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This scoping review investigated the definitions, assessment methods, and current applications of varus thrust (VT) in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science Core Collection) were searched in this scoping review for studies assessing VT during walking in adults with knee OA using the terms "varus" and "lateral" in proximity to thrust. Data were extracted and categorized by study characteristics (OA sample, publication year, design, and aim) and VT assessment protocol (method and definition). Results: A total of 63 studies were included, examining 12,569 individuals with knee OA using visual ( Conclusion: Despite growing research interest in VT, inconsistent definitions and measurement protocols limit comparability across studies and hinder broader adoption. Greater standardization and validation are needed to clarify its potential clinical utility in knee OA.

Indexed as

Gait analysisKinematicsOptical motion captureVisual assessmentWearable sensors

Identifiers

PMID41050369
PMCPMC12495470

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.