Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41050188›Full record

ReviewMayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health2025

Reliability of Cycle Applications for Pregnancy Planning and Contraception: A Systematic Review.

Isabell Rabe, Jan P Ehlers

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Isabell RabeDidactics and Educational Research in Healthcare, Medicine Department, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.
Jan P EhlersDidactics and Educational Research in Healthcare, Medicine Department, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To show the effectiveness of cycle applications in both areas of application-contraception and intended pregnancy. Methods: A systematic review based on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, with the addition of a hand search, was conducted from May 11, 2023, through April 11, 2024, to objectively answer this question. Of 1539 sources with matching search terms, 19 sources remained after checking for inclusion criteria according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses scheme. These were analyzed according to an evaluation scale regarding their quality in various areas. The average quality ratings and pregnancy probabilities of the studies were compared. Results: Comparability within and between the subquestions was hardly possible owing to different presentation of results, bias risks, and mostly uncontrolled study designs. Applications for those wishing to become pregnant provided better quality ratings in some cases. There were indications that cycle applications shorten the time to achieving a desired pregnancy in cases of reduced fertility. In addition, some seem to have a similar contraceptive safety as the contraceptive pill but require significantly more compliance. Conclusion: Independent, controlled studies with a diverse clientele of test subjects are necessary for a scientific classification. In addition, social, structural, and political adjustments are needed to enable individuals to make informed decisions about the use of cycle and fertility applications.

Identifiers

PMID41050188
PMCPMC12492232

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.