Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41050165›Full record

ArticleResuscitation plus2025

Realtime detection of spontaneous circulation in humans during cardiopulmonary resuscitation using a continuous hands-free carotid Doppler: a pilot study.

Guro Mæhlum Krüger, Sunniva Gjerald Birkeli, Øystein Myrlund Hansen, Bjørn Ove Faldaas, Anders Norvik, Hedda Juni Lund, Gregory Louis Egil Hautois, John Helge Flage, Jon Urteaga, Torbjørn Hergum and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Resuscitation plus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Guro Mæhlum KrügerClinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Sunniva Gjerald BirkeliClinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Øystein Myrlund HansenFaculty of Nursing and Health Science, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
Bjørn Ove FaldaasDepartment of Circulation and Clinical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Anders NorvikClinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Hedda Juni LundDepartment of Circulation and Clinical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Gregory Louis Egil HautoisDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.
John Helge FlageDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.
Jon UrteagaUniversity of the Basque Country, Spain.
Torbjørn HergumCimon Medical AS, Trondheim, Norway.
Hans TorpDepartment of Circulation and Clinical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Eirik SkogvollClinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Charlotte Björk IngulDepartment of Circulation and Clinical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The resuscitation society calls for precision-guided cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), as current methods are inaccurate and time-consuming. RescueDoppler, a novel hands-free Doppler ultrasound system, continuously measures carotid blood flow during CPR. This pilot study assessed its performance, safety, and ability to detect chest compression-generated blood flow, spontaneous circulation, and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Method: We investigated RescueDoppler in adult cardiac arrest patients at two centres, in-hospital (IHCA) and out-of-hospital (OHCA). The cardiac arrest team placed the RescueDoppler probe over the left common carotid artery with a self-adhesive patch, collecting blinded data during CPR. Data were later interpreted and time-synchronized with defibrillator data using custom MATLAB® software. Results: RescueDoppler was used in 26 IHCA and 36 OHCA patients from October 2023 to September 2024. Carotid blood flow curves were analyzed in 36 patients and synchronized with defibrillator data in 30. The RescueDoppler identified blood flow velocities generated by chest compressions and detected spontaneous circulation during rhythm checks. ROSC was defined by the presence of systolic and diastolic blood flow. No adverse events were reported but there were 22 device deficiencies mostly related to the self-adhesive patch and connecting cable. The system is user-friendly and requires minimal training. Conclusion: Real-time detection of blood flow in the carotid artery with hands-free Doppler ultrasound during CPR is safe and feasible, although the fastening patch and host unit need optimization. The RescueDoppler system detects spontaneous circulation and ROSC during rhythm checks and ongoing chest compressions. Further research is required to confirm clinical relevance.

Indexed as

Advanced life support (ALS)Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)Carotid Doppler ultrasoundChest compressionsMechanical chest compressionOperator independent Doppler ultrasoundPulse checkReturn of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)Spontaneous circulationWearable Doppler ultrasound

Identifiers

PMID41050165
PMCPMC12492284

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.