ArticleKidney medicine2025
Body Composition and Kidney Outcomes: A Cohort Study of Rapid Kidney Function Decline and a Mendelian Randomization Analysis of CKD Incidence.
Article in Kidney medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Rationale & Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, potentially arising from rapid kidney function decline (RKFD). Although body composition influences various metabolic disorders, its relationship with kidney outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of body composition on RKFD and CKD risk. Study Design: A cohort study assessed the relationship between body composition and RKFD. A 2-sample Mendelian randomization approach investigated genetic evidence linking body composition to CKD risk. Setting & Participants: In total, 229 adults aged 50-70 years with normal kidney function were recruited from Huadong Hospital in Shanghai, China. Predictors: Body composition indicators include fat mass, lean mass, appendicular lean mass index, fat mass index, total and regional body fat percentages, and sarcopenic obesity, defined by high body fat percentages (>27% in men, >38% in women) and low lean mass (appendicular lean mass index <7.26 kg/m Outcomes: The primary outcome was RKFD. The second was genetically predicted CKD risk. Analytical Approach: Cox regression and subgroup analyses assessed observational associations. The Mendelian randomization study used two-sample Mendelian randomization, multivariable, and bidirectional Mendelian randomization. Results: RKFD occurred in 9.9% of participants. Lower appendicular lean mass index and the presence of sarcopenic obesity were associated with higher RKFD risk. In overweight participants and those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate >90 mL/min/1.73 m Limitations: Differences between the outcomes require further validation. Some sample overlap in the Mendelian randomization analysis may introduce bias. Conclusions: Lower appendicular lean mass index and sarcopenic obesity were associated with RKFD. Higher leg and whole-body fat percentages and lower appendicular muscle mass significantly contribute to CKD risk, highlighting the importance of body composition in kidney health.
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