Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41049974›Full record

ReviewCureus2025

Association of Anticardiolipin Antibody in Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Yaaseer Ali Malik, Sanaullah Khan, Salman Habib Roghani, Awais Ahmad Nizami, Mamoon Qadir, Abdul Haseeb, Muhammad Rizwan Umer, Amna Akbar, Alif Hasan Pranto, Tazore Hossen Mahin and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yaaseer Ali MalikCardiology, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, GBR.
Sanaullah KhanCardiology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, PAK.
Salman Habib RoghaniCardiology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, GBR.
Awais Ahmad NizamiCardiology, Shahida Islam Medical College, Lodhran, PAK.
Mamoon QadirCardiology, Federal Government Polyclinic, Islamabad, PAK.
Abdul HaseebInternal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, PAK.
Muhammad Rizwan UmerTrauma Surgery, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, GBR.
Amna AkbarTrauma and Orthopaedics Surgery, Sarosh Hospital Diagnostic Center, Muzaffarabad, PAK.
Alif Hasan PrantoPharmacy, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) University, Dhaka, BGD.
Tazore Hossen MahinPharmacology, North South University, Dhaka, BGD.
Imtiaz AhmedBiochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, BGD.
Shahad Saif KhandkerBiochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Dhaka, BGD.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious form of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that can be fatal. On the other hand, antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and their subtypes are found in thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, or other CVDs. Anticardiolipin antibody (ACA), a subtype of aPL, is found in MI and other CVDs; however, the level of ACA in MI compared to the control group was not previously determined in a meta-analysis. In this research, we examined the odds ratio (OR) of ACA in MI patients compared to a healthy control group. After reviewing 180 articles, we selected eight studies and evaluated the OR using a forest plot. We also analyzed the asymmetry and possible outliers, heterogeneity, sensitivity, and quality. Our findings revealed an OR of 4.36 (95%CI: 1.64-11.61; P=0.003), indicating that ACA is found at a higher level in MI patients as compared to healthy controls. The studies were of high quality and exhibited moderate heterogeneity. The OR of 2.26 (95%CI: 1.74-2.94; P<0.00001) from the fixed effect model further supported the main outcome's high sensitivity. ACA can be a useful and feasible biomarker to diagnose and predict the chances of MI. Further research is required to determine an accurate cut-off value of ACA through which the possibility of MI can be predicted in patients with thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, or other related CVDs.

Indexed as

anti-cardiolipin antibodyautoantibodycardiovascularheartmyocardialthrombosis

Identifiers

PMID41049974
PMCPMC12491644

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.