Trial reportInternational journal of medical sciences2025
Effects of a Taekwondo-Specific High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol on the Biomarkers of Cardiovascular and Biochemical Recovery in Collegiate Athletes.
Trial report in International journal of medical sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effects of high-intensity interval training on physical fitness and physiological responses in taekwondo athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of high-intensity interval training on aerobic capacity, physical fitness, and body composition in martial arts athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Mindfulness and psychological distress among Chinese taekwondo athletes: the mediating roles of stress, self-management, and brooding.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Digital twin for Taekwondo athletes: integrating sports nutrition and psychological readiness using artificial intelligence.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Muay Thai-specific high-intensity interval training enhances anaerobic power in elite fighters.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Taekwondo is a combat sport that requires a specific skillset and high physical fitness. In 2022, the rules of taekwondo competitions rules were revised to increase match intensity. In this study, we developed and validated a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol for taekwondo athletes and compared the outcomes of this protocol with those of regular training (control). A total of 12 athletes were randomly assigned to either an HIIT group or a control group. Body mass index, heart rate (HR), lactic acid level, and creatine kinase level were measured both before and after relevant intervention. Our HIIT protocol consisted of two phases. The first phase (weeks 1 and 2) involved six rounds of four kicking techniques (roundhouse, back, axe, and spinning kicks), each performed for 21 s with 12-s rest (work [exercise]-to-rest ratio: 1.75:1). The second phase (weeks 3 and 4) involved eight rounds of the same kicking techniques, each performed for 24 s with 8-s rest (work-to-rest ratio: 3:1). The participants rested for 1 min between two rounds. The kicks were performed at 85% and 90% of the maximum HR. Significant (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.