ArticleOphthalmology science2026
Seasonal Variations of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease in Japan: A Study on Long-Term Trends and the Influence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Article in Ophthalmology science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErrata.2026
Authors and funding
11 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate seasonal trends in the onset of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease in Japan and evaluate the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including severe cases and vaccination campaigns, on disease onset. Design: A retrospective cohort study using clinical records and public health data. Participants: A total of 320 Japanese VKH patients with a known month of onset who were initially treated at Yokohama City University Hospital between April 2007 and March 2024. Methods: The monthly distribution of VKH onset cases was assessed using the Roger test to determine seasonality before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Severe COVID-19 case data (April 2020 to March 2024) were obtained from government sources. The COVID-19 vaccine administration data (April 2021 to March 2024) were collected from a major local clinic. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the temporal relationship between VKH onset and severe COVID-19 cases or vaccination, incorporating current-month (lag0), 1-month lag (lag1), and 2-month lag (lag2) predictors. Main Outcome Measures: Monthly number of VKH onset cases, seasonal trends, and statistical associations with COVID-19-related variables. Results: Seasonal variation was significant in VKH onset both before ( Conclusions: This study revealed a postpandemic shift in the seasonal distribution of VKH onset in Japan, with peaks aligning with increased severe COVID-19 infections in the current month and vaccination activity in the preceding month. The findings suggest that both acute viral immune responses and delayed vaccine-induced immunity may contribute to VKH onset, highlighting the need for further investigation into the immunological mechanisms linking COVID-19 and autoimmune disease expression. Financial Disclosures: The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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