Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41049104›Full record

ArticleFood chemistry: X2025

Characterization and antidiabetic activity of cinnamon essential oil emulsion encapsulated by complex coacervation between gelatin and soluble fraction of tragacanth gum.

Fateme Amani, Fatemeh Rafieian, Azra Salehi, Mohammad Sadegh Damavandi, Moein Shirzad, Hajar Akbari, Atefe Rezaei

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Food chemistry: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Fateme AmaniDepartment of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran.
Fatemeh RafieianNutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Azra SalehiDepartment of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mohammad Sadegh DamavandiDepartment of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasheminejad Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Moein ShirzadDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Hajar AkbariNutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Atefe RezaeiDepartment of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Complex coacervates of gelatin (GE) and the soluble fraction of tragacanth gum (STG) at ratios of 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 were developed to encapsulate cinnamon essential oil (CEO). These coacervates were assessed for particle yield, encapsulation efficiency, and encapsulation yield. GE2:STG1/CEO50 %, GE1:STG1/CEO25 %, and GE1:STG1/CEO50 % showed the highest encapsulation efficiency, with the latter also exhibiting the highest encapsulation yield, identifying it as the optimal formulation. FTIR confirmed intermolecular interactions, while microscopy showed rough surfaces without cracks. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed improved CEO thermal stability. Toxicity assay results showed that encapsulation reduced the cytotoxicity of CEO. CEO release was higher under simulated intestinal (42.63 %) than gastric (34.91 %) conditions. The encapsulated CEO inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities dose-dependently. These findings suggest that GE-STG coacervates provide an effective and biocompatible delivery system for CEO, offering improved stability, controlled intestinal release, and enhanced antidiabetic potential.

Indexed as

Antidiabetic activityCinnamon essential oilComplex coacervationGelatinSoluble fraction of tragacanth gum

Identifiers

PMID41049104
PMCPMC12495336

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.