ReviewJournal of exercise science and fitness2025
Impact of aerobic exercise on immune components across healthy and diseased populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Review in Journal of exercise science and fitness, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Aerobic exercise may improve immune component quantities in healthy and diseased populations, but its effects across different health conditions and immune systems remain unclear. This review examined its impact on immune components in both populations. Methods: A search in June 2025 across four databases included randomized controlled studies on aerobic exercise's effects on immune components in adults. Data (M ± SD) were extracted and converted to standardized mean difference (SMD) using random-effect meta-analysis. Results: Seventeen studies (502 participants) were included. The meta-analysis results showed long-term aerobic exercise increased T-cell counts in diseased individuals (p < 0.05) but not in healthy ones (p > 0.05). It significantly reduced IgA levels in healthy participants compared to non-exercising controls (p < 0.05), potentially counteracting natural temporal increases observed in sedentary populations, without affecting IgG, IgM, leukocytes, neutrophils, or monocytes in either group (p > 0.05). Single-pass exercise did not alter leukocytes, lymphocytes, CD3 Conclusions: Long-term aerobic exercise primarily affects adaptive immune components, benefiting individuals with unstable immune conditions. Single-pass exercise has no effect on healthy populations, making long-term interventions more suitable for improving adaptive immunity in unstable immune states. Systematic review registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42024546696.
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Registered trials
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