Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41048859›Full record

ArticleSafety and health at work2025

Differences in Upper Extremity Muscle Activity, Neck Angle, and Body Discomfort Between Tablet Usage With Virtual Keyboard and Bluetooth Keyboard.

Praphatson Sengsoon, Kanruethai Threesittidath, Thunyaporn Singhadacha, Suchanat Saengthong

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Safety and health at work, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Praphatson SengsoonDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Kanruethai ThreesittidathDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Thunyaporn SinghadachaDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Suchanat SaengthongDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The objective was to compare the differences in muscle activity of the upper extremities, neck angles, and body discomfort during tablet use between virtual and Bluetooth keyboards. Methods: Twenty-four female volunteers were randomly assigned to use a tablet with keyboard for typing articles. The first order was randomly selected for 30 min, with a 30-minute break before the next keyboard layout test began. Results: The result showed a statistically significant difference in the muscle activity of the upper trapezius while using a tablet between the two types of keyboards ( Conclusion: Tablet use with the two types of keyboards induced an increase in muscle activity, neck flexion angles, and body discomfort, which may contribute to the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study may serve as a basis for developing guidelines to reduce the risk of MSDs during tablet use.

Indexed as

Bluetooth keyboardMuscle activityNeck angleTabletVirtual keyboard

Identifiers

PMID41048859
PMCPMC12490681

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.